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APIs and Finance: How Banks Use APIs

Written by Spencer Nguyen | October 14, 2024

Application programming interfaces (APIs) do a lot of behind-the-scenes work that you might never notice. When you look at the weather forecast on your smartphone, you get updated info because of an API. You rely on APIs when you sign into your email account, get driving directions, and book airplane tickets.

  • APIs enable financial institutions to integrate systems, streamline operations, and offer real-time services, improving customer experiences and operational efficiency.
  • API security is critical, as improper authentication and vulnerabilities like API injection attacks can lead to data breaches.
  • Strong security measures such as OAuth 2.0, encryption, and role-based access control (RBAC) are necessary to protect sensitive financial data.
  • APIs support compliance with regulations like PSD2 by allowing secure data sharing with third-party services in open banking environments.
  • Rate limiting helps prevent denial-of-service (DoS) attacks and automated exploits by controlling the frequency and volume of API requests.

Why Financial Institutions Need APIs

Financial institutions rely on APIs to remain competitive in an increasingly digital ecosystem. APIs provide the technical backbone that enables seamless integration between disparate systems, applications, and third-party services. When banks use APIs, banks and other financial entities can streamline operations, reduce manual processes, and deliver customer experiences that meet modern expectations for speed and personalization.

One of the primary reasons financial institutions need APIs is to facilitate real-time data exchange. APIs give users access to instantaneous updates between core banking systems, mobile applications, and partner services. This is critical because customers expect immediate access to their financial data and services.

Security is another key factor. APIs provide structured, secure methods for sharing sensitive financial information, dealing with encryption, tokenization, and OAuth protocols. Well-designed APIs ensure that only authorized users and applications can access protected data, reducing the risk of breaches.

Talking about compliance, APIs simplify the implementation of regulatory mandates like PSD2 in Europe and open banking standards globally. They enable secure, controlled access to customer data by third-party services, fostering innovation while ensuring compliance with data protection laws.

Last but not least, APIs allow financial institutions to innovate rapidly. Instead of overhauling entire legacy systems, banks can introduce new features or services by integrating with external APIs. This modular approach to software development speeds up the deployment of new functionalities.

What are the benefits of joining APIs and finance software?

APIs and finance perform a broad range of services that do everything from improving customer experiences to reviewing financial data before processing a loan application.

Banking APIs have some obvious benefits, such as:

  • Driving customer engagement through websites and apps.
  • Tighter security for financial information.
  • Using open banking to improve efficiency (The European Banking Authority currently requires this for its member countries).

DreamFactory can help you expose API endpoints while following strict security standards. You can see how DreamFactory protects account information and other data by starting a free trial.

The benefits of updating the way banks use APIs don’t end there, though.

Better operational efficiency

APIs and finance can contribute to the operational efficiency of the banking industry and businesses that rely on the banking system. For example, a credit card API could make it easier for service providers to confirm account information and process payments.

Additionally, a company with complex accounting could use APIs to connect software that provides cost-effective ways to settle accounts and gain insight into client behaviors. By using an API to link a company’s software to its banking platform, you help create a streamlined system that can identify inaccuracies.

Increase customer-oriented services through open banking

An open banking API lets financial institutions share information safely with third parties, such as fintech companies, mobile app startups, and loan brokers. Open APIs don’t mean that financial institutions give everyone equal access to data. A financial institution can still control who uses open APIs. DreamFactory provides a dashboard that lets you manage user privileges easily.

Secured connectivity can lead to improved banking services for clients. By exposing some customer data, you can help developers build applications with features that help them access their bank accounts, take advantage of new products, and see their account information in real-time.

The digital transformation process might seem scary, but it can give your clients access to mobile banking, banking apps, digital financial products, and microservices that give them more control over their money.

More collaboration between businesses

Traditional banks can only offer a limited number of services. You need collaboration to future-proof your position in the financial services industry. APIs and finance technology create more opportunities for collaboration.

Changing how banks use APIs with third-party partners could revolutionize customer services. Traditional financial institutions need the services that third-party providers can create. For instance, the embedded finance strategy combines financial institutions and smaller companies willing to build unique products and take bigger risks.

PSD2 (Payment Services Directive) already encourages open API and finance software to connect and build a competitive market based on serving consumers and minimizing security risks. By giving more choices to consumers, individuals can decide which products serve them well. Over time, APIs and finance products will reveal which options people prefer.

How do APIs and finance software work together?

For the most part, APIs and finance software work just like APIs and other types of software. A third-party application or microservice sends a request to the API. The API passes the request to the financial institution’s database. If approved, the bank sends the requested information to the API, which then hands it to the third-party app.

How banks use APIs can alter the process somewhat, but that’s the basic way they function.

Anyone who works with financial data will wonder how APIs prevent unauthorized users from accessing private information. When it comes to APIs and finance services, you cannot pay too much attention to security.

Some of the most effective ways to secure information include:

  • Encrypting data to make it unreadable as it passes through the API to the user.
  • Restricting API access to authorized users.
  • Giving users the lowest level of access needed to perform a task.
  • Using OAuth so approved users can access data without revealing their identities.
  • Limiting the number of requests users can make during a specific time.
  • Moving all traffic through an API Gateway.

DreamFactory supports all of these security measures, so you can use the cloud-based platform to share data without losing control. The tool makes it easier than ever to open how banks use APIs with other institutions.

API Security Challenges in Finance

APIs have become critical to modern financial systems, but they also introduce significant security challenges. Insecure APIs have been at the root of several high-profile financial data breaches, often due to poor authentication, lack of encryption, or unregulated data exposure. To prevent such incidents, financial institutions must enforce robust security measures across their API infrastructure, including end-to-end encryption, tokenization, and multi-factor authentication (MFA).

Improper Authentication

One of the primary risks associated with APIs is improper authentication. When APIs fail to properly authenticate users, attackers can exploit weak endpoints to gain unauthorized access to sensitive financial data. Implementing OAuth 2.0, JWT (JSON Web Tokens), and enforcing strict access controls through role-based permissions can mitigate these risks, ensuring that only authorized entities interact with API endpoints.

SQL Injection Attacks

API injection attacks, such as SQL injection or command injection, are another common vulnerability. These occur when attackers manipulate API requests to execute malicious commands or query the underlying database. To defend against injection attacks, financial institutions must validate and sanitize all incoming data, ensuring that only properly formatted requests are processed. Additionally, using prepared statements in backend services can prevent injection exploits by separating command logic from user input.

Rate limiting and API gateways also play crucial roles in protecting APIs from abuse. Rate limiting helps prevent denial-of-service attacks and lowers the risk of automated exploits on sensitive endpoints by regulating the frequency and volume of API requests.

Create APIs Instantly with DreamFactory

The way banks use APIs will influence the future of financial services and products, so it makes sense for institutions to explore tools that help them open their API endpoints without putting data security at risk.

DreamFactory lets you create APIs instantly so you can combine databases, open your data to approved partners, and access services from anywhere with an internet connection. It takes a low-code approach that doesn’t require any expertise.

Discover how much easier it is to combine APIs and finance technology by starting a free trial with DreamFactory.

FAQ: APIs in Finance

 

1. Why are APIs important for financial institutions?

APIs are essential for financial institutions because they enable seamless integration between systems, facilitate real-time data sharing, and improve customer experiences. They allow banks to innovate rapidly without overhauling legacy systems and provide secure ways to comply with regulatory requirements like PSD2 and open banking.

2. What security challenges do financial APIs face?

Financial APIs are vulnerable to attacks such as improper authentication, data breaches, and API injection attacks. Without proper security measures, these APIs can expose sensitive customer information to unauthorized users.

3. How can financial APIs prevent data breaches?

To prevent data breaches, financial APIs should enforce strong security protocols, including OAuth 2.0 for authentication, end-to-end encryption for data protection, and strict role-based access control (RBAC). Additionally, proper data validation and sanitization are key to mitigating risks from malicious API requests.

4. What are common vulnerabilities in financial APIs?

Common vulnerabilities include API injection attacks, such as SQL or command injection, improper authentication, and unregulated data access. These vulnerabilities can allow attackers to manipulate API requests and gain unauthorized access to sensitive systems.

5. How do APIs support open banking and PSD2 compliance?

APIs let financial institutions to securely share customer data with third-party providers, as required by open banking and PSD2 regulations. APIs ensure compliance while enabling innovation and improved services for customers.

6. What role does rate limiting play in API security?

Rate limiting controls the number of API requests allowed in a given time frame, helping to prevent denial-of-service (DoS) attacks and reducing the risk of automated exploitation of vulnerable endpoints.

7. Can APIs improve the operational efficiency of financial institutions?

Yes, APIs enhance operational efficiency by automating processes, connecting disparate systems, and enabling real-time data transfers. This leads to quicker payment processing, streamlined workflows, and reduced manual intervention in financial operations.